Back to resume
 

        Among four proteins that interacted specifically with A-RAF protein was human protein that has 74% homology to yeast TIM44 protein.  We named it hTIM44.  yTIM44 was shown to function in the protein import from cytosole into mitochondria.  It is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and involved in translocation of polypeptides across it.  The second A-RAF interacting protein contained 22 TPR repeats.   Yeast outer-membrane mitochondrial import receptor TOM70 also has multiple TPR repeats, therefore we called it hTOM.
        Thus, these two interactions suggested that A-RAF could be imported into mammalian mitochondria.  To prove this hypothesis, I have isolated mitochondria from rat liver and showed the A-RAF presence in it by Western blot analysis with A-RAF specific antibodies from Santa-Cruz Biotechnology.  I also showed that A-RAF was protected from proteolysis in both intact and osmotically treated mitochondria, suggesting that A-RAF is located in both mitochondrial matrix and in inter-membrane space.  To prove further that A-RAF is present in mitochondria I have performed immunogold labeling of purified rat liver mitochondria with A-RAF specific antibodies.   95% of the gold label was inside mitochondria in both inter-membrane space and matrix.
 

Back to resume